This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of body weight traits in Markhoz goats, using B-spline random regression models. The data used in this study included 19549 records collected during 29 years (1992-2021) in Markhoz goat Breeding Research Station, located in Sanandaj, Iran. The model used to analyze data included fixed effects (year of birth, sex, type of birth and age of dam) and random effects including direct additive genetic, maternal additive genetic, permanent environmental and maternal permanent environmental assuming homogeneous and heterogeneous residual variance during the time. Akaike (BIC) and Bayesian (BIC) information criteria were used to compare the models and bspq.4.4.4.4 was selected as the best model. The direct heritability values for birth, 3-month, 6-month, 9-month and 12-month weights were estimated to be 0.14, 0.16, 0.08, 0.28 and 0.26, respectively. Genetic correlation between body weights at birth and 3-month, birth and 6-month, birth and 9-month, birth and 12-month, 3-month and 6-month, 3-month and 9-month, 3-month and 12-month, 6-months and 9-month and 9-month and 12-month were 0.22, 0.38, 0.21, 0.56, -0.26, 0.30, 0.62, 0.86 and 0.77, respectively. The highest phenotypic correlation was between the weight of 9-month and 12-month (0.82) and the lowest correlation was between birth weight and 3-month and 6-month (0.12). The results showed that the 9-month weight is a good criterion for selection in Markhoz goats.

Background- Considering the hazards of macrosomia and low birth weight, the Estimation of birth weight before delivery is of paramount importance. An easy-to-do method of birth weight Estimation is fundal height measurement using only a tape measure. In the present study, we determined the association between fundal height and actual birth weight and calculated the specificity, sensitivity and positive and negative predictive values for the method. Methods- Standard fundal height was measured on 450 pregnant women who were hospitalized in Imam Khomeini and Shariati Hospitals in Tehran, Iran, for delivery during a 6- month period in 2000. All measurements were performed within the 5 last days of pregnancy. Inclusion criteria were normal pregnancy, cephalic presentation of the fetus and maternal weight of less than 91 kg. The parturient patients with systemic disease, history of stillbirth, poly or oligohydramnios, placental abnormality, twin or multiple pregnancies and fetal congenital anomaly were excluded from the study. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the association of fundal height to actual birth weight. Results- A prospective linear regression was found between fundal height and actual birth weight (r = 0.88, p < 0.01) correct Estimation of birth weight was obtained in 349 (77.5%) of cases. The specificity of estimated weight was 91.5% when the real birth weight was within the normal range. Conclusion- For actual birth weights in the normal range, our results showed that the normal range of fundal height was 27 to 35 centimeters. For a fundal height measurement outside of this range, an abnormal and a high-risk delivery should be expected.

Background and purpose: weight-based dosing of medication is used in the emergency and anesthesia departments. Ideally each patient should be weighed prior to dosing. However, this may not always occur, especially in the anesthesia department. The purpose of this study was to assess the prediction formula for actual patient weight by the sum of head weight and estimated Anesthetic personnel.Materials and methods: Diagnostic descriptive study was used for patient’s body weight, which had been estimated by anesthetic personnel's, while head patient weight was measured by instrument during anesthesia. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and regression linear and compared with ANOVA test. The significance level in this study was.Results: The mean total weight of patients that were estimated by the personnel of anesthesia was 65.7±11.7 kg. The mean actual weight was 65.2±13.7 kg. The correlation coefficient between estimated actual weights is not significant.Conclusion: This study showed that adding head weight to the Estimation weight by anesthetic personnel, results in a more accurate weight Estimation than head Wight alone.

OBJECTIVE: The Estimation of weight of the fetus by physicians and midwives affects on antepartum and intrapartum cares and the choice of suitable method for the mode of delivery. This study was done to evaluate the value of the clinical examination and Estimation of fetal weight by using Jhonson formula in term pregnancy. METHODS: In this descriptive and analytical study, 230 term pregnant women in their early stages of labor with cephalic presentation referred to Niknafs hospital in Kerman, were consecutively chosen. Last menstrual period, parity, the round of arm, fundal height in 4 different positions after voiding, and neonatal weight were registered for each patient. Estimated fetal weight was calculated by Jhonson formula. FINDINGS: There was a significant relationship between neonatal weight and the height of uterine fundus 'in different positions, especially in supine position with flexed knees. Correlation coefficient in all positions was more than 0.68. Also, correlation coefficient between estimated and true fetal weight in supine position with flexed knees was 0.50 (p =0.008) and in three other positions was more than 0.48 (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: Using of clinical examination and Jhonson formula are recommended for Estimation of fetal weight in all obstetric centers, especially primary centers.

Background and Objective: Fetal weight and gestational age are important factors in evaluation of neonatal safety and basic prediction factors in outcome of prengnancy and satisfactory criterion in decision of management in obstetrice and neonatalogy. Therefore finding a method for pridiction of fetal weight is critical. The present study employs, detect on value of Jahnson"s formula in prediction of fetal weight. Materials and methods: In this analytic study, 223 pregnant women who had a safe, live, singlton fetus, with cephalic presentation were admithed to labor ward at Dezyani hospital. Medical or obstetrical complication was excluded. Subjects selected by purposive sampling. For collecting data: first, using the same flexible tap measure calibrated in centimeters by using this tap, the fundul height was measured. The fundul heigh was also taken in Jahnson"s formula and estimated weight was also calculated each cases. The actual weight of post delivery was measured immediately. Data analysis was done by corrolation test paired t test. Results: This study shows mean estimated fetal weight (3730±546) were higher than the actual birth weight (3270± 429). Conclusions: This study indicates that Janson"s formulal is not a good way to estimate fetal weight.